This policy brief examines the evolving energy policies of Northwestern Black Sea countries—Romania, Ukraine, and Moldova—in response to Russia’s full-scale war against Ukraine and its use of energy as a geopolitical weapon. The document highlights how these states are working to sever their dependence on Russian energy supplies and develop alternative energy strategies to enhance regional security and economic stability.
The analysis explores key energy challenges, including Moldova’s high dependence on Russian gas, Romania’s efforts to expand oil and gas production in the Black Sea, and Ukraine’s shift away from Russian energy sources amid war-related disruptions. The report details critical infrastructure projects, such as the Trans-Balkan Gas Transport Corridor, interconnectors between Romania and Ukraine, and Moldova’s synchronization with the European electricity grid.
Key recommendations focus on strengthening regional cooperation in energy security, expanding renewable energy investments, increasing oil and gas production in Romania, and leveraging European support to transition to sustainable energy sources. The document provides a comprehensive roadmap for policymakers, energy experts, and regional stakeholders to navigate the geopolitical energy landscape of the Black Sea region.

Mykhailo Drapak, Sergiy Gerasymchuk-Policy Brief 2022